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In the early Ottoman era, was an urban phenomenon and only spread slowly with increasing urbanization. Many of those expelled were directed onto trains apparently brought to Pristina's main station for the express purpose of deporting them to the border of the , where they were forced into exile. During the in the late 17th century, Pristina citizens under the leadership of the Catholic Albanian priest pledged loyalty to the Austrian army and supplied troops.

Retrieved 23 February 2014. In addition, there is a flag in use for British consular in or waters.

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With a municipal population of 204,721 inhabitants 2016 , Pristina is the second-largest city in the world with predominantly population after in. Within Serbia, it would be the. Geographically, it is located in the north-eastern part of Kosovo close to the. The city is situated some 250 kilometres north-east of Tirana, 90 kilometres north of , 520 kilometres south of and 300 kilometres east of. During the , what is now the area of Pristina was envolved by the. Pristina was home to several and people at the. King brought various tribes together in the area of Pristina in the 4th century BC, establishing the. The heritage of the classical era is still evident in the city, represented by ancient city of , that was considered one of the most important Roman cities in the. In the Middle Ages, Pristina was an important town in and also the royal estate of , , , and. When the conquered the Balkan peninsula, Pristina was an important mining and trading center due to its strategic position near the rich mining town of. The city was known for its trade fairs and items, such as and goat hair as well as gunpowder. The first mosque in Pristina was built in the late 14th century while under Serbian rule. Tolerance and coexistence of religion and culture has been part of the society for centuries. The capital city, Pristina is the heart of Kosovo due to its central location and its importance in finance, commerce, media, entertainment, arts, international trade, education, service, research and healthcare. Almost all domestic and foreign companies, media and scientific institutions have headquarters in the city. The toponym Priština also appears as the name of a hamlet near in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to , Snoj's etymology would presuppose a rare and relatively late word formation process. However, this explanation cannot be correct, as Slavic place names ending in -ina corresponding either or both to an adjective or the name of an inhabitant lacking this suffix are built from personal names or denote a person and never derive, in these conditions, from common nouns 2007: loc. The inhabitants of this city call themselves Prishtinali in local or Prištevci Приштевци in the local Serbian dialect. The city played an important role in the development of one of the most important cities in. The succeeding , , Bubanj-Hum and cultures were active in the region. The area what is now Pristina has been inhabited for nearly 10,000 years. Early findings were discovered dating as far back as the 8th century BC, in the areas surrounding Pristina, which includes Matiçan, and. In the 4th century BC, King brought various tribes together in the region, establishing the. After the conquest of Illyria in 168 BC, Romans colonized and founded several cities in the region which they named. The city suffered tremendous damage from an earthquake in 518 AD. The rebuilt the city in great splendor and renamed it , but with the arrival of Slav tribes in the 6th century the city again fell into disrepair. Middle Ages The inscription above the entrance of built during the Ottoman rule Pristina was an important town in. The counties of Sitnica and Lipljan, which had territory around present-day Pristina, are mentioned in Life of Saint Simeon, a text written by the Serbian historical figure between 1201 and 1208. The medieval fort of Višegrad, whose ruins lie three kilometres east of the city centre, was mentioned in Milutin's time, and served as his capital, and the nearby was founded by him in ca. The first historical record mentioning Pristina by its name dates back to 1342 when the Byzantine Emperor described Pristina as a 'village'. The old town stretching out between the Vellusha and Prishtevka rivers which are both covered over today, became an important crafts and trade center. Pristina was famous for its annual trade fairs Panair and its goat hide and goat hair articles. Around 50 different crafts were practiced from tanning to leather dying, belt making and silk weaving, as well as crafts related to the military — armorers, smiths, and saddle makers. As early as 1485, Pristina artisans also started producing gunpowder. Trade was thriving and there was a growing colony of traders from modern day providing the link between Pristina's craftsmen and the outside world. The first mosque was constructed in the late 14th century while still under Serbian rule. The 1487 defter recorded 412 Christian and 94 Muslim households in Pristina, which at the time was administratively part of the. In the early Ottoman era, was an urban phenomenon and only spread slowly with increasing urbanization. The travel writer , visiting Pristina in the 1660s was impressed with its fine gardens and vineyards. In those years, Pristina was part of the Vıçıtırın Sanjak and its 2,000 families enjoyed the peace and stability of the Ottoman era. Economic life was controlled by the guild system esnafs with the tanners' and bakers' guild controlling prices, limiting unfair competition and acting as banks for their members. Religious life was dominated by religious charitable organizations often building mosques or fountains and providing charity to the poor. During the in the late 17th century, Pristina citizens under the leadership of the Catholic Albanian priest pledged loyalty to the Austrian army and supplied troops. He contributed a force of 6,000 Albanian soldiers to the Austrian army which had arrived in Pristina. Under Austrian occupation, the Fatih Mosque Mbretit Mosque was briefly converted to a church. Following the Austrian defeat in January 1690, Pristina's inhabitants were left at the mercy of Ottoman and troops who took revenge against the local population as punishment for their co-operation with the Austrians. Modern The Monument of in the centre. Brotherhood and unity was a popular slogan of the. The year 1874 marked a turning point. That year the railway between and started operations and the seat of the vilayet of Prizren was relocated to Pristina. This privileged position as capital of the Ottoman vilayet lasted only for a short while. However, The opposed the plan for a , preferring a partition of the European territory of the among the four. On October 22, 1912, Serb forces took Pristina. However, Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the first Balkan War, occupied Kosovo in 1915 and took Pristina under Bulgarian occupation. In late October 1918, the 11th French colonial division took over Pristina and returned Pristina back to what then became the 'First ' on the 1st of December 1918. In September 1920, the decree of the colonization of the new southern lands' facilitated the takeover by Serb colonists of large Ottoman estates in Pristina and land seized from Albanians. The interwar period saw the first exodus of Albanian and Turkish speaking population. From 1929 to 1941, Priština was part of the of the. Plaque on a war memorial in Pristina. The text reads At this location on October 23, 1944, German Nazis executed 104 Albanian patriots who gave their lives for the freedom and independence of their country - Society of anti-Nazi and national liberation veterans of Kosovo. On 17 April 1941, Yugoslavia surrendered unconditionally to axis forces. On 29 June, proclaimed a greater Albania, with most of Kosovo under Italian occupation united with Albania. There ensued mass killings of Serbs, in particular colonists, and an exodus of tens of thousands of Serbs. After the capitulation of Italy, took control of the city. In May 1944, 281 local Jews were arrested by units of the , which was made up mostly of Muslim Albanians. The Jews were later deported to Germany, where many were killed. The few surviving Jewish families in Pristina eventually left for Israel in 1949. As a result of World War II and forced migration, Pristina's population dropped to 9,631 inhabitants. The communist decision to make Pristina the capital of Kosovo in 1947 ushered a period of rapid development and outright destruction. The Yugoslav communist slogan at the time was uništi stari graditi novi destroy the old, build the new. In a misguided effort to modernize the town, communists set out to destroy the Ottoman bazaar and large parts of the historic center, including mosques, catholic churches and Ottoman houses. A second agreement signed between Yugoslavia and Turkey in 1953 led to the exodus of several hundreds more Albanian families from Pristina. They left behind their homes, properties and businesses. However, this policy changed under the ratified in 1974. Few of the Ottoman town houses survived the communists' modernization drive, with the exception of those that were nationalized like today's Emin Gjiku Museum or the building of the Institute for the Protection of Monuments. As a result, the city's population and its economy changed rapidly. In 1966, Pristina had few paved roads, the old town houses had running water and was still a problem. Massive investments in state institutions like the newly founded , the construction of new high-rise socialist apartment blocks and a new industrial zone on the outskirts of Pristina attracted large number of internal migrants. This ended a long period when the institution had been run as an outpost of and gave a major boost to Albanian-language education and culture in Kosovo. The Albanians were also allowed to use the Albanian flag. This golden age of externally financed rapid growth was cut short by Yugoslavia's economic collapse and the. Pristina, like the rest of Kosovo slid into a deepening economic and social crisis. The year 1989 saw the revocation of Kosovo's autonomy under , the rise of and mass dismissal of ethnic Albanians. Kosovo War War-torn Pristina. Following the reduction of Kosovo's autonomy by in 1989, a harshly repressive regime was imposed throughout Kosovo by the Yugoslav government with Albanians largely being purged from state industries and institutions. Pristina was spared large scale destruction compared to towns like or that suffered heavily at the hands of Serbian forces. For their strategic importance, however, a number of military targets were hit in Pristina during NATO's aerial campaign, including the post office, police headquarters and army barracks today's garrison on the road to. Serbian and Yugoslav forces shelled several districts and, in conjunction with paramilitaries, conducted large-scale expulsions of ethnic Albanians accompanied by widespread looting and destruction of Albanian properties. Many of those expelled were directed onto trains apparently brought to Pristina's main station for the express purpose of deporting them to the border of the , where they were forced into exile. During the course of , a number of people were killed. Many of those forced from their homes went directly to the train station, while others sought shelter in nearby neighbourhoods. Hundreds of ethnic Albanians, guided by Serb police at all the intersections, gathered at the train station and then were loaded onto overcrowded trains or buses after a long wait where no food or water was provided. Those on the trains went as far as , a village near the Macedonian border. During the train ride many people had their from them. Modern Pristina The majority Albanian population fled the town in large numbers to escape Serb policy and paramilitary units. The first NATO troops to enter Pristina in early June 1999 were special forces from FSK and soldiers from the 22 S. S, although to NATO's diplomatic embarrassment Russian troops arrived first at the airport. Apartments were occupied illegally and the Roma quarters behind the city park was torched. Several strategic targets in Pristina were attacked by during the war, but serious physical damage appears to have largely been restricted to a few specific neighbourhoods shelled by Yugoslav security forces. At the end of the war the Serbs became victims of violence committed by Kosovo Albanian extremists. On numerous occasions Serbs were killed by mobs of Kosovo Albanian extremists for merely speaking Serbian in public or being identified as a Serb. Violence reached its pinnacle in when mobs of Kosovo Albanian extremists were moving from apartment block to apartment block attacking and the residence of remaining Serbs. Due to the continued violence almost all of the city's 45,000 Serb inhabitants fled from Kosovo and today only several dozen remain within the city. Unfinished , the unfinished church has been the target of continued vandalism and Kosovo Albanian intellectuals have called for its demolition As a capital city and seat of the UN administration , Pristina has benefited greatly from a high concentration of international staff with disposable income and international organizations with sizable budgets. The injection of reconstruction funds from donors, international organizations and the has fueled an unrivaled, yet short-lived, economic boom. A plethora of new cafes, restaurants and private businesses opened to cater for new and international demand with the beginning of a new era for Pristina. Pristina covers an area of 572 square kilometres 221 sq mi. Strategically placed in the north-eastern part of , the city is close to the mountains. Due to its status as the capital city of Kosovo, Pristina has grown over the past years, that it has connected with. By road it is 520 kilometres 320 mi south of , 90 kilometres 56 mi north of , 250 kilometres 160 mi north-east of , and 300 kilometres 190 mi east of. Pristina is one of the urban areas with the most severe water shortages in the nation. The population of the city have to cope with daily water curbs due to the lack of rainfall and snowfall which has left the city's water supplies in a dreadful condition. The current water resources do not fulfil the needs of the overgrowing population of Pristina. The water supply comes from the two main reservoirs of and. However, there are many problems with the water supply that comes from these two reservoirs which supply 92% of the population in Pristina. As such, the authorities have increased their efforts to remedy the situation and to make sure that such crises do not hit the city again. After the war of 1999, the city has changed dramatically. Many old buildings in front of the government building have been cleared to provide open space. The city features warm summers and relatively cold, often snowy winters. Climate data for Pristina 1961—1990 Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Record high °C °F 15. Capital Being the capital city of Kosovo, it influences the politic, culture and economic aspects of the country. Pristina is the seat of the. The is one of the most influential political figures in the nation as well as serving as an urban figure through the youth of the city. During the 2013 elections, , a professor of economics, gathered most of the youth of Pristina around his campaign also due to the fact that he was nearly 30 years younger than the former Mayor. His team and staff consisted of young people and Ahmeti delivered a more modern public image, presenting himself closer to the voters. A lot of young people chose to volunteer in his meetings, therefore his campaign in general represented a novelty in politics. Ahmeti promised to go to work by public transport in order to save money from the use of expensive official cars and has been doing so until now. City Council The city council consists of 51 members. One out of three of the members have to be women according to the Statute of the Municipality approved in 2010. The city council has seen the having the most members in all elections held until now. In the 2013 elections, although candidate lost to , the LDK won 18 seats in Assembly with with 10. The followed with 8 seats and the AKR with 4. The current head of the City Council is Halim Halimi from the LDK. In February 2014 a majority of the City Council after a heated debate, voted to sell the official car of the municipality in order to decrease the distance between the politicians and the population. The population development in the last one hundred years. According to the last official census done in 2011, the city of Pristina has 198,897 inhabitants. The city's urban area has 145,419 inhabitants. During the 2000-s, the and Pristina was changed under , and new municipalities were created from some of the Pristina's settlements, thus creating more ethnically connected settlements. The rural area as well as the area near the center of Pristina, in terms of processes, is under the influence of population dynamics, both in terms of demographic regime, which is more expansive, and in addition mechanical population. This part of the municipality has a high density of population. The density of population is 247 inhabitants per square kilometres. While the population density of suburban area of the municipality without Pristina, as an urban center, is 123 inhabitants per km² As an urban center with representative functions and its economic strength, has changed the population structure. With the surrounding space has become increasingly a concentration to a large population. While the mountain area, especially more distant areas have a displacement due to depopulation, especially after the. The network of settlements in the territory of the Municipality of Pristina has some specifics. Such as distribution of settlements depends on the degree of , natural conditions, socio-political circumstances, position. One of the features is also uneven distribution of the settlements. Ethnic groups According to the census done in 1991 boycotted by the Albanian majority , the population of the Pristina municipality was 199,654, including 77. This census cannot be considered accurate as it is based on previous records and estimates. There were more than 40,000 Serbs and about 6,500 with the remainder being Kosovo Albanians. Today, after new administrative division was established in the 2000-s, the city of Pristina has Kosovo Albanians ethnic majority amounting to 98% of total population with small number of minorities. The Serbian population in the city has fallen significantly since 1999, as many of the Serbs who lived in the city have fled or been expelled following the end of the war. Also, many of them moved to the municipality of , expanded municipality located southern of Pristina. Religion The and the. The small minority of Pristina's religious population, practices Christianity in the form of and. It has always been considered as a city where tolerance and coexistence in terms of religion and culture has been part of the society in the last centuries. When the city became under the rule of the Serbian Empire during the , Eastern Orthodoxy was a predominant faith other than Roman Catholicism. All inhabitants of Pristina have the right to freedom of belief, conscience and religion, which are guaranteed to all persons in Pristina and Kosovo. Christianity has been around in Pristina for a long time, going back all the way to the time of the and. Islam in Pristina began to be spread very early, during the Ottoman Rule. Before the in 1369 the whole Balkan was Christianized by the Western and Eastern Roman Empire. From that time until 1912 Kosovo was governed by the Ottoman Empire resulting in high level of Islamization. Further information: Pristina is the economic heart of and home to many domestic and international companies operating in the country. Major roads and railways pass through Pristina and connect the northern part of the country to the south and the west with the east. Since the , the city has undergone significant changes in the past 9 years, vastly modernizing and expanding the road infrastructure, urban transport and air transport. Years before its declaration of independence in 2008, and in particular its capital Pristina have been a large financial and business center in the with a of 4. The Lakrishte area, a former industrial zone in the center of Pristina, was designated by the government as high-rise area with many complex buildings. The regulation of this plan started in 2008. Some of the buildings include the ENK Tower among the largest in the Balkans , the World Trade Center, the AXIS towers and the Arting Highrise. Pristina traffic in the evening. Pristina is the transport hub of road, rail and air in. The , trains and planes together all serve to maintain a high level of connectivity between Pristina many different districts and beyond. Analysis from the Traffic Police have shown that, of 240,000 cars registered in , around 100,000 41% are from the region of Pristina. The construction of the motorway started in April 2010 and finished in 2013. The R7, along the in Albania, have set the travel time from Pristina to to 3 hours. Once the remaining E80 Pristina- section is completed, it will link the with the at the near the town of between the disputed - border. The is a currently under construction. Forming part of the , it is the second motorway constructed in Kosovo and will link the capital with the Macedonian border at , about 20 kilometres from. The PIA is located 15 kilometres southwest of Pristina. It is Kosovo's only international airport that handles over 1. In 2006 PIA it was awarded the Best Airport 2006 by for airports with fewer than a million passengers. The Airport is a secondary hub for of. Pristina effectively has two train stations. Pristina is serviced by a train that travels through Pristina to daily. The station is located in the industrial section of Pristina. Pristina is the primary tourist destination in as well as the main air gateway to the country. It is known as a university center of students from neighbouring countries as , , and Serbia. In 2012, Tourism in attracted 36,186 foreign visitors. The city has a large number of luxury hotels, modern restaurants, bars, pubs and very large nightclubs. Coffee bars are a representative icon of Pristina and they can be found almost everywhere. The largest hotels of the city are the and the situated in the heart of the city. Other major hotels present in Pristina include the Emerald Hotel, Sirius Hotel and Hotel Garden. Some of the most visited sights near the city include the and , which are also among the most visited places in country. Pristina has played a very important role during the World War II, being a shelter for Jews, whose cemeteries now can be visited. Further information: Media in Pristina include some of the most important newspapers, largest publishing houses and most prolific television studios of Kosovo. Pristina is the largest communications center of media in. Almost all of the major media organizations in Kosovo are based in Pristina. The television industry developed in Pristina and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major broadcast networks, , , and KLAN KOSOVA are all headquartered in Pristina. RTK is the only public broadcaster both in Pristina and in all of Kosovo as well, who continues to be financed directly by the state. All of the daily newspapers in Pristina have a readership throughout Kosovo. An important event which affected the development of the media, is that in since 2005 is established the Journalism Faculty within the Faculty of Philology in which are registered a large number of youth people. The is known for its unique history, and the style of the building designed by Croatian architect, Andrija Mutnjaković followed by controversies about the outside appearance of it. As the capital city of the , it is the center of cultural and artistic development of all that live in. Pristina is home to the largest cultural institutions of the country, such as the , , and the. The has than 1. There are many foreign cultural institutions in Pristina, including the Albanian , the French , the , and the German and. The Information Office of the was also established in Pristina. The Clock Tower served as a means of informing the town in order to let people know when to pray as well as the traders closing their shops. A large number of these monuments date back to the and periods. This modernization led to major changes in the structure of the buildings, their function and their surrounding environment. However, numerous types of monuments have been preserved, including four mosques, a restored orthodox church, an , a public fountain, a clock tower, several traditional houses as well as European-influenced architecture buildings such as Kosovo Museum. These symbolize the historical and cultural character of Pristina as it was developed throughout centuries in the spirit of conquering empires , , and. The Hivzi Sylejmani library was founded 70 years ago and it is one of the largest libraries regarding the number of books in its inventory which is nearly 100. All of those books are in service for the library's registered readers. It dates back to in the and it is made of clay. Pristina also has its municipal archive which was established in the 1950s and holds all the records of the city, municipality and the. Well-known singer was born in Pristina to parents. But before talking about genre development, a key point that has to be mentioned is without doubt the rich of Kosovo most of which unfortunately has not been digitalized and saved in archives. Folklore has also served as inspiration and influence in many fields including music composition in the next generations One of the most notable and very first composers, Rexho Mulliqi in whose work, folklore inspiration and influence is very present. When highlighting the music creativity and its starts in Kosovo and the relation between it and the music creativity in Albania even though they have had their development in different circumstances, it is proved that they share some characteristics in a very natural way. Some of few international music artists of Albanian heritage are born and raised in the city including , and. Theater Main article: The city of Pristina hosts only three active theatres such as the , Oda and Dodona Theatre placed in center of Pristina. They offers live performances every week. The National Theatre is placed in the middle downtown of the city, near the main government building and was founded in 1946. ODA Theatre is situated in the Youth Centre Building and Dodona Theatre is placed in Vellusha district, which is near Ibrahim Rugova Square. The is the highest ranked theater institution in the country which has the largest number of productions. The theater is the only public theater in and therefore it is financed by Ministry of Culture, Youth and Sport. This theater has produced more than 400 premieres which have been watched by more than 3 million spectators. Festivals and events are one of some things that people in Pristina enjoy properly, without rushing to get it over with. Despite having quite a small territorial space, Pristina has a pleasant number of festivals and events. The diversity of festivals makes it possible for people of different tastes to find themselves in a city this small. The screens prominent international cinema productions in the and beyond, and draws attention to the Kosovar. It was created after the. After its , looked for ways to promote its cultural and artistic image. One of major festivals include the that was established for the first time on the occasion of the 200th birth anniversary of in 2010 by the Kosovo Chopin Association. The festival is becoming a traditional piano festival held in spring every year. It is considered to be a national treasure. In its 5 years of formation it has offered interpretations by both world-famous pianists such as , , Kosovo-Albanian musicians of international renown like , Alberta Troni and local talents. The Festival strives to promote the art of interpretation, the proper value of music and the technicalities that accompany it. The Festival has served as inspiration for the formation of other music festivals like Remusica and Kamerfest. The is one of the most prominent cultural events taking place in the capital. It is an annual music festival which gathers young and talented national and international musicians from all over the world. This festival works on enriching the Kosovar cultural scene with the collision of the traditional and the contemporary. The festival was founded by back then art student, now well known TV producer, musician, journalist and manager of the Kosovo's Philharmonic Orchestra,. Pristina had always a development in trading due to its position of the Balkan trade routes. Fairs started since the medieval period, at the time when it was famous for its annual trade fairs and its goat hide and goat hair articles. Despite that fact Pristina, or Kosovo in general is not known for occurrence of fairs. With the development of culture and especially after the last war in 1999, Pristina had a progress on holding these kinds of events. Every year various types of trade fairs take place in the capital city. The essence of these fairs is usually temporary; some last only an afternoon while others may last around 3 days, a week or even longer. They have grown in size and importance over the years. These fairs are organized annually and are open to trade visitors and public. The number of exhibitors and visitors is usually very high. Pristina is host to many higher education institutions. Finance, arts, journalism, medicine, dentistry, pharmaceuticals, veterinary programs, and engineering are among the most popular fields for foreigners to undertake in the city. This brings a many of young students from other cities and countries to Pristina. It is known for its many educational institutions such as the , and the. Today, the city hosts a considerable number of intellectuals, professors, academics, students and professionals in various spheres. Among the first schools known in the city were those opened during the Ottoman period. Albanians were allowed to attend these schools, most of which were religious, with only few of them being secular. Further information: Media in Pristina include some of the most important newspapers, largest publishing houses and most prolific television studios of Kosovo. Pristina is the largest communications center of media in. Almost all of the major media organizations in Kosovo are based in Pristina. The television industry developed in Pristina and is a significant employer in the city's economy. The four major broadcast networks, , , and KLAN KOSOVA are all headquartered in Pristina. RTK is the only public broadcaster both in Pristina and in all of Kosovo as well, who continues to be financed directly by the state. All of the daily newspapers in Pristina have a readership throughout Kosovo. An important event which affected the development of the media, is that in since 2005 is established the Journalism Faculty within the Faculty of Philology in which are registered a large number of youth people. Sport is organized in units called Municipal Leagues. There are seven Municipal Leagues in Pristina. The Football Municipal consists of 18 clubs, the Basketball Municipal 5 clubs, the Handball Municipal 2 clubs, Table Tennis and Chess 6 clubs each, the Karate Municipal 15 and the Tennis Municipal 2 clubs. Football is the most popular sport in the city. It is represented by , which plays their home games in the. It is the most successful basketball club in Kosovo and is part of the Balkan League. Joining it in the Superleague is another team from Pristina, RTV 21. Apart from indoor basketball success, Che Bar team has been crowned the champion of the national championship in 2013. This victory coincided with Streetball Kosovo's acceptance in the. Pristina's representatives are recognised internationally and play international matches. Retrieved 24 April 2018. Volume 6 of The Cambridge ancient history, Iorwerth Eiddon Stephen Edwards, , , Authors: D. Lewis, John Boardman, Editors: D. Lewis, John Boardman, Edition 2, Publisher: Cambridge University Press, 1994 ,. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd, UK. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd, UK. Origjina e emrit të vendit Prishtinë. In: BOKSHI, Besim ed. Studime filologjike shqiptare: konferencë shkencore, 21—22 nëntor 2007. Prishtinë: Akademia e Shkencave dhe e Arteve e Kosovës, 2008, pp. Bradt Travel Guides Ltd. Retrieved January 9, 2011. U srednjoj i južnoj Albaniji ustanici su držali Permet, Leskoviku, Konicu, Elbasan, a u Makedoniji Debar... Justin Godart, Walter Shucking, , , Paul Milioukov, Samuel T. 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Retrieved 17 November 2015. Archived from on 2010-09-07. Archived from PDF on 2016-01-12. Archived from on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 17 November 2015. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. Kosovo Agency of Statistics. Retrieved 28 May 2017. Retrieved 17 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015. Retrieved 17 November 2015. Retrieved 28 May 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2017. Retrieved 28 May 2017. Council of Europe Office in Pristina. Retrieved 28 May 2017. Kosova Stability Initiative, European Stability Initiative. Retrieved 23 February 2014. Short notice of capital culture. Retrieved 25 February 2014. The Roman army as a community. Journal of Roman Archaeology. Retrieved 2 March 2014. Retrieved 22 February 2014. Gazeta Jeta në Kosovë. Archived from on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 17 November 2015. Archived from on 2014-03-02. Archived from on 2014-03-02. Retrieved 1 March 2014. Archived from on 28 November 2010. Retrieved 2 March 2014. 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From that time until 1912 Kosovo was governed by the Ottoman Empire resulting in high level of Islamization. Islam in Pristina met to be spread very early, during the Ottoman Rule. Pristina is the largest communications center of media in. Today, the city hosts a considerable number of intellectuals, professors, academics, students british embassy pristina professionals in various spheres. Unfinishedthe unfinished church has been the target of continued vandalism and Kosovo Albanian intellectuals have called for its demolition As a capital city and seat of the UN administrationPristina has benefited greatly from a high concentration of international staff with disposable income and international organizations with sizable budgets. Since thethe city has undergone significant changes in the per 9 years, vastly modernizing and expanding the road infrastructure, urban transport and air transport. Joining it in the Superleague is another team from Pristina, RTV 21.